Proširiv i prilagodljiv okvir za statičku analizu nezavisnu od ulaznog jezika

In modern approach to software development, a great importance is given to monitoring  of software quality in early development phases. Therefore, static analysis becomes more important. Furthermore, software projects are becoming more complex and heterogeneous. These characteristics are reflected in a diversity of functionalities and  variety of computer languages and the technologies used for their development. Because of that consistency in static analysis becomes more important than it was earlier. In this dissertation SSQSA: Set of Software Quality Static Analyzers is described. The aim  of the SSQSA framework  is consistent static analysis. This goal is reached by introducing new intermediate source code representation called eCST: enriched Concrete Syntax Tree. The dissertation mostly focuses on eCST, intermediate representations derived from it, and their generation with description of the  tools involved in it. The main characteristic of eCST is language independence which gives to SSQSA framework two-level extensibility: supporting a new language and supporting a new  analysis. This leads to eciency of adding both level supports and consistency of added functionalities. To prove the concept, support for more than 10 characteristic languages was introduced. Furthermore, characteristic static analysis techniques (software metrics calculation,  code-clone detection, etc.) were implemented and integrated in the framework.  Established SSQSA framework provides the infrastructure for the further development of the complete platform for software quality control.U modernim pristupima razvoju softvera veliki značaj pridaje se kontroli kvaliteta softvera u ranim fazama razvoja. Zbog toga, statička analiza postaje sve značajnija. Takođe, softverski proizvodi postaju sve kompleksniji i heterogeni. Ove karakteristike se ogledaju u raznovrsnosti jezika i tehnologija koje se koriste u procesu razvoja softvera. Zbog toga, konzistentnost u statičkoj analizi dobija veći značaj nego što je to bio slučaj ranije. U ovoj disertaciji opisan je SSQSA skup statičkih analizatora za kontrolu kvaliteta (eng. Set of Software Quality Static Analyzers). Namena SSQSA okvira je konzistentna statička analiza. Cilj se postiže uvođenjem nove međureprezentacije  izvornog koda nazvane eCST (obogaćeno konkretno sintaksno stablo, eng. enriched  Concrete Syntax Tree). Fokus disertacije je primarno na eCST reprezenataciji koda,  reprezentacijama izvedenjim iz eCST i procesu njihovog generisanja, sa opisom oruđa angažovanim u ovim procesima. Osnovna i najbitnija karakteristika eCST reprezenatacije je nezavisnost od jezika u kom je izvorni kod pisan, što SSQSA okviru daje proširivost na dva nivoa: kroz podršku za nove jezike i kroz podršku za nove analize. Ovo dovodi do efikasnog uvođenja funkcionalnosti na oba navedena nivoa, kao i do konzistentnosti uvedenih funkcionalnosti.  Kao dokaz ispravnosti koncepta, podrška za više od 10 ulaznih jezika je uvedena. Takođe, implementirane su karakteristične tehnike statičke analize (izračunavanje softverskih metrika, otkrivanje duplikata u kodu, itd.) i integrisane u SSQSA okvir.  Na opisani način, postavljanjem SSQSA okvira, obezbeđena je infrastruktura za dalji razvoj kompletne platforme za kontrolu kvaliteta softvera.

Proširiv i prilagodljiv okvir za statičku analizu nezavisnu od ulaznog jezika

In modern approach to software development, a great importance is given to monitoring  of software quality in early development phases. Therefore, static analysis becomes more important. Furthermore, software projects are becoming more complex and heterogeneous. These characteristics are reflected in a diversity of functionalities and  variety of computer languages and the technologies used for their development. Because of that consistency in static analysis becomes more important than it was earlier. In this dissertation SSQSA: Set of Software Quality Static Analyzers is described. The aim  of the SSQSA framework  is consistent static analysis. This goal is reached by introducing new intermediate source code representation called eCST: enriched Concrete Syntax Tree. The dissertation mostly focuses on eCST, intermediate representations derived from it, and their generation with description of the  tools involved in it. The main characteristic of eCST is language independence which gives to SSQSA framework two-level extensibility: supporting a new language and supporting a new  analysis. This leads to eciency of adding both level supports and consistency of added functionalities. To prove the concept, support for more than 10 characteristic languages was introduced. Furthermore, characteristic static analysis techniques (software metrics calculation,  code-clone detection, etc.) were implemented and integrated in the framework.  Established SSQSA framework provides the infrastructure for the further development of the complete platform for software quality control.U modernim pristupima razvoju softvera veliki značaj pridaje se kontroli kvaliteta softvera u ranim fazama razvoja. Zbog toga, statička analiza postaje sve značajnija. Takođe, softverski proizvodi postaju sve kompleksniji i heterogeni. Ove karakteristike se ogledaju u raznovrsnosti jezika i tehnologija koje se koriste u procesu razvoja softvera. Zbog toga, konzistentnost u statičkoj analizi dobija veći značaj nego što je to bio slučaj ranije. U ovoj disertaciji opisan je SSQSA skup statičkih analizatora za kontrolu kvaliteta (eng. Set of Software Quality Static Analyzers). Namena SSQSA okvira je konzistentna statička analiza. Cilj se postiže uvođenjem nove međureprezentacije  izvornog koda nazvane eCST (obogaćeno konkretno sintaksno stablo, eng. enriched  Concrete Syntax Tree). Fokus disertacije je primarno na eCST reprezenataciji koda,  reprezentacijama izvedenjim iz eCST i procesu njihovog generisanja, sa opisom oruđa angažovanim u ovim procesima. Osnovna i najbitnija karakteristika eCST reprezenatacije je nezavisnost od jezika u kom je izvorni kod pisan, što SSQSA okviru daje proširivost na dva nivoa: kroz podršku za nove jezike i kroz podršku za nove analize. Ovo dovodi do efikasnog uvođenja funkcionalnosti na oba navedena nivoa, kao i do konzistentnosti uvedenih funkcionalnosti.  Kao dokaz ispravnosti koncepta, podrška za više od 10 ulaznih jezika je uvedena. Takođe, implementirane su karakteristične tehnike statičke analize (izračunavanje softverskih metrika, otkrivanje duplikata u kodu, itd.) i integrisane u SSQSA okvir.  Na opisani način, postavljanjem SSQSA okvira, obezbeđena je infrastruktura za dalji razvoj kompletne platforme za kontrolu kvaliteta softvera.

Synthesis, characterization and antitumour activity of trans-complexes Pt(II) and Pt(IV) with pyridine derivatives as ligands.

U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji opisana je sinteza, karakterizacija i antitumorska aktivnost šest kompleksa trans-platine(II) i pet kompleksa trans-platine(IV) sa piridinskim derivatima kao ligandima. Sintetisani kompleksi dobijeni su reakcijom polaznih kompleksa platine, K2[PtCl4] odnosno K2[PtCl6], sa odgovarajućim ligandima u molskom odnosu 1 : 2 u vodi, uz blago zagrevanje. Za sintezu kompleksa korišćeni su komercijalno dostupni ligandi koji predstavljaju piridinske derivate sa acetil supstituentima (3- i 4-acetilpiridin) i sa dve karboksilne grupe (2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- i 2,6-piridindikarboksilna kiselina)...In this doctoral dissertation, synthesis, characterization and antitumour activity of six trans-platinum(II) and five trans-platinum(IV) complexes with pyridine derivatives as ligands were described. The complexes were synthesized in the reaction of starting compounds of platinum K2[PtCl4] and K2[PtCl6], with the corresponding ligand in a 1 : 2 molar ratio in water, with mild heating. Commercially available ligands used for preparation of complexes could be considered as pyridine derivatives with acetyl substituted (3- and 4-acetylpyridine) and with two carboxylic groups (2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5- i 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid)..

Uticaj toplotnog tretmana na sadržaj tanina i antioksidativni efekat ekstrakta hrastovog žira quercus cerris

The results of investigation of the tannin content in the oak acorn kernel Quercus cerris, qualitative analysis of tannin and antioxidation effect of ethanol extracts of acorn on porcine lipid (prime steam lard) as a substrate are presented in this paper. Experiments were carried out on kernel samples of the domestic oak acorn, from the location Zaglavak, near by the town of Bajina Bašta. Tannin content was determined by spectrophotometric procedure using phosphorus Wolframic acid on wave length of 715 nm. Qualitative analysis of tannin included sediment and stain responses as well as tannoform test with formalaldehyde and HCl. Antioxidant effect of ethanol extracts was investigated on fat samples treated at the temperature of 600C in the dark (Schaaloven test). The rate of oxidation was determined by measuring Peroxide value (Pb) and TBA value. The investigated extracts were obtained based on drying of acorn kernel and extracts based on thermal treatment - dry frying of acorn kernel. The obtained results show that dried acorn kernel contains 11.69 % of tannin and thermally treated acorn kernel 8.55%. Qualitative analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acid (pyrogallic, hydrolysing) tannins based on positive general sediment and stain responses on tannins. Ethanol extracts demonstrate antioxidation traits on porcine lipids in trial conditions. Synergistic effect of citric acid with primary anti oxidant was not proved. Thermal treatment of acorn kernel does not reduce the antioxidation activity of extracts.U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja sadržaja tanina u jezgru hrastovog žira Quercus cerris, kvalitativna analiza tanina i antioksidaciono dejstvo etanolnih ekstrakata žira na svinjsku mast (pripremljenu vlažnim postupkom) kao supstratu. Ogledi su vršeni na uzorcima jezgra hrastovog žira domaćeg porekla, sa lokaliteta Zaglavak, okolina Bajine Bašte. Sadržaj tanina određivan je spektrofotometrijskim postupkom sa fosforvolframovom kiselinom na talasnoj dužini od 715 nm. Kvalitativna analiza tanina obuhvatila je taložne i bojene reakcije kao i tanoformsku probu sa formaldehidom i HCl. Zaštitni efekat etanolnih ekstrakata ispitivan je na uzorcima masti koji su temperirani na 600C u mraku. Tok oksidacije masti praćen je određivanjem TBA vrednosti ekstincije na 532 nm i peroksidnog broja. Ispitivani ekstrakti su dobijeni na bazi osušenog jezgra žira i ekstrakata na bazi termički tretiranog - suvo prženog žira. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da osušeno jezgro hrastovog žira sadrži 11,69% tanina a termički tretirano 8,55%. Kvalitativnim analizama dokazano je prisustvo galnih (pirogalnih hidrolizujućih) tanina na osnovu pozitivnih opštih taložnih i bojenih reakcija na tanine. Etanolni ekstrakti ispoljavaju antioksidaciona svojstva na svinjsku mast pri uslovima ogleda, sinergistički efekat limunske kiseline sa primarnim antioksidantom nije dokazan, termički tretman jezgra hrastovog žira ne smanjuje antioksidacionu aktivnost ekstrakata

Progress in conducting/semiconducting and redox-active oligomers and polymers of arylamines

Recent advances in synthesis, characterization and application of the selected conducting/semiconducting and redox-active oligomers and polymers of arylamines are reviewed. A brief historical background of the selected topics is given. The overview of the preparation, structure and properties of polyaniline, substituted polyanilines, especially those obtained by the oxidative polymerization of p-substituted anilines, poly(1-aminonaphthalene) and its derivatives, carbocyclic and heterocyclic polyaryldiamines such as poly(p-phenylenediamine) and polydiaminoacridines, is presented. The mechanism of formation of polyaniline nanostructures is discussed. Recent approaches to the preparation of one-dimensional polyaniline nanostructures are concisely reviewed, with special attention paid to the template-free falling-pH method. Current and potential future applications of oligo/polyarylamines are briefly discussed. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. OI 172043

Assessment of the adaptive and phytoremediation potential of Miscanthusxgiganteus grown in flotation tailings

Mining activities produce enormous amounts of metal-contaminated waste that is the source of ecosystem pollution by metals. Owing to complex adverse environmental conditions, the surface of abandoned flotation tailings is completely devoid of vegetation cover and is therefore very susceptible to fluvial erosion, wind dispersal to neighboring ecosystems and leaching of heavy metals into ground waters. The aim of this study was to estimate the adaptive potential of Miscanthusxgiganteus (Poaceae) to grow on flotation tailings without any input. In this field experiment, plants were grown for four months in flotation tailings and in unpolluted control chernozem soil. Plants accumulated and retained the major part of metals within their roots, exhibiting their very low transfer to aerial parts, which all define M. xgiganteus as a phytoexcluder plant species. Plants grown in flotation tailings showed significant reduction in the net CO2 assimilation rate and growth parameters, and there was no negative impact on pigment content, maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, lipid peroxidation level and total antioxidative capacity in leaves. The obtained results indicate that despite reduced growth, M. xgiganteus can be cultivated for phytoremediation of flotation tailings

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in common reed (Phragmites australis) growing spontaneously on highly contaminated mine tailing ponds in Serbia and potential use of this species in phytoremediation

Heavy metal contamination of aquatic ecosystems directly threatens the health, production and biodiversity of aquatic and surrounding terrestrial ecosystems, and it represents a serious global problem. Metal extraction during ore processing produces large amounts of wastes that remain in tailings at the mining site. Fine waste particles represent a long-term source of potentially toxic metals that can be released into the ground and surface water as a result of their progressive chemical weathering. Aquatic macrophythes have a major role in absorption and accumulation of heavy metals and thereby in natural water purification. The presence of naturally growing plants on mine tailing ponds indicates their tolerance of heavy metal pollution and suggests a possible role for them in phytoremediation. In the present study, we analysed the concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cu) in Phragmites australis plants growing spontaneously in shallow water of several mine tailing ponds. The aims of the study were to define chemical properties of the mine spoils, determine the concentrations of heavy metals in different plant organs and assess the phytoremediation potential of common reed. The investigated sediments were notably rich in both total and available forms of Fe, Pb, Zn and Cu, with their upper concentrations close to phytotoxic levels. The greatest amounts of almost all of the investigated metals in plants from all three mine tailing ponds were found in the roots, with their concentrations positively correlated with the amounts of their available forms in the corresponding sediment. The far higher metal concentrations in the roots in comparison with other plant organs clearly indicate that the metals were strongly sequestrated within root cortical tissues and were not transferred across the endodermis. Taken altogether, the presence of the greatest amounts of metals in roots, high bioaccumulation factor and low translocation factor show that P. australis is an excluder plant species with a good phytostabilisation potential. As such, it might be efficiently used in rhizofiltration of wastewaters

Supplementary data for article: Rakić, A. A.; Vukomanović, M.; Trifunović, S.; Travas-Sejdic, J.; Chaudhary, O. J.; Horský, J.; Ćirić-Marjanović, G. Solvent Effects on Dopant-Free PH-Falling Polymerization of Aniline. Synthetic Metals 2015, 209, 279–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.07.031

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.07.031]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1996

Environmental Potential of Carbonized MOF-5/PANI Composites for Pesticide, Dye, and Metal Cations—Can They Actually Retain Them All?

The environmental application of the carbonized composites of the Zn-containing metal-organic framework MOF-5 and polyaniline (PANI) in its emeraldine salt and base forms (C-(MOF-5/PANI)) was investigated for the first time. Textural properties and particle size distributions revealed that composites are dominantly mesoporous and nanoscale in nature, while Raman spectroscopy revealed the ZnO phase beneath the carbon matrix. Adsorption of pesticide, dye, and metal cation on C-(MOF-5/PANI) composites in aqueous solutions was evaluated and compared with the behavior of the precursor components, carbonized MOF-5 (cMOF), and carbonized PANIs. A lower MOF-5 content in the precursor, a higher specific surface area, and the pore volume of the composites led to improved adsorption performance for acetamiprid (124 mg/g) and Methylene Blue (135 mg/g). The presence of O/N functional groups in composites is essential for the adsorption of nitrogen-rich pollutants through hydrogen bonding with an estimated monolayer capacity twice as high as that of cMOF. The proton exchange accompanying Cd2+ retention was associated with the Zn/Cd ion exchange, and the highest capacity (9.8 mg/g) was observed for the composite synthesized from the precursor with a high MOF-5 content. The multifunctionality of composites was evidenced in mixtures of pollutants where noticeably better performance for Cd2+ removal was found for the composite compared to cMOF. Competitive binding between three pollutants favored the adsorption of pesticide and dye, thereby hindering to some extent the ion exchange necessary for the removal of metal cations. The results emphasize the importance of the PANI form and MOF-5/PANI weight ratio in precursors for the development of surface, porosity, and active sites in C-(MOF-5/PANI) composites, thus guiding their environmental efficiency. The study also demonstrated that C-(MOF-5/PANI) composites retained studied pollutants much better than carbonized precursor PANIs and showed comparable or better adsorption ability than cMOF